解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Soils, vegetation, small mammals, and birds were measured for uranium series radionuclides at three sites near the operating Key Lake uranium mill in northern Saskatchewan. Sites, impacted by windblown tailings and mill dust, had significantly higher concentrations of uranium, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 210Po in soils, litter,...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200006000-00003
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate of the dispersion trend of 3H and 14C discharged from the Wolsung Nuclear Power Plants, the present level of 3H and 14C in environmental samples in the vicinity of the Wolsong site was studied. Tree-ring cellulose analyses were carried out for retrospective evaluation of 3H and 14C in the environment aroun...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200006000-00013
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::On 20 September 1999, a urine sample submitted by a University of Rochester radiation worker was noted to have a count rate of about 759,500 disintegrations per minute (dpm) per milliliter as analyzed on the Radiation Safety Unit (RSU) Packard liquid sintillation counter. The sample was recounted that day with variabl...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200005001-00006
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A foodstuff survey was performed around the Savannah River Site, Aiken, South Carolina. It included a census of buildings and fields within 5 km of the boundary and determination of the locations and amounts of crops grown within 80 km of the Savannah River Site center. Recent information for this region was collected...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200005000-00004
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the winter months of 1992/93 and 1993/94, instantaneous indoor radon concentrations and gamma dose rates were measured in 890 schools in Slovenia attended in total by about 280,000 pupils. Under "closed conditions," the room to be surveyed was closed for more than 12 h prior to sampling, the air was sampled int...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200005000-00014
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A database of soil-to-plant transfer factors for radiocesium and radiostrontium has been compiled for arable crops from published and unpublished sources. The database is more extensive than previous compilations of data published by the International Union of Radioecologists, containing new information for Scandinavi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200003000-00005
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP) directs the Department of Energy (DOE) to maintain a viable, timely, and fully documented response option capable of supporting the responsible Lead Federal Agency in the event of a radiological emergency impacting any state or United States territory (e.g., CON...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200002001-00007
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed to identify exposure to depleted uranium by measuring the isotopic composition of uranium in urine. Exposure to depleted uranium results in a decreased percentage of 235U in urine samples causing measurements to vary between n...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200002000-00003
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiations accidents involving high exposures require accurate assessment of radiation dose for correct surgical or medical management. Techniques involving computed tomography and antimyosin-antibody scintigraphy were evaluated in an experimental model of acute localized irradiation overexposure to 192Ir. Ten rabbits...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200001000-00009
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The revised standard for sampling effluent air from stacks and ducts of the nuclear industry places limits on the non-uniformity of velocity and contaminant profiles at the sampling location; namely, the coefficients of variation must not exceed 20% over an area that encompasses at least the center 2/3 of the cross se...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199912000-00015
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Real-time data measurement and analysis have identified a number of influences affecting the variability and accumulation of radon and its progeny in indoor air. Observed cycles in radon concentrations were shown to be related to the influence of air-conditioning and water-heated central heating systems. The cyclical ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199911000-00010
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Elsewhere in this issue, Robin Elliott outlined a successful program for performing annual radiation safety management program audits. The results of such audits provide a useful means of evaluating and correcting deficiencies or weaknesses in a radiation safety program. At our institution we also perform an annual au...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199911001-00003
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neyman-Pearson principles are briefly discussed and 95% confidence intervals of the form [0, ##.##] are presented. Use is made of the fact that the probability of the difference of two random variables, each with a Poisson distribution, can be expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions of integral order and eleme...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199911001-00013
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma-ray spectra were measured from Scottish heather honey samples gathered from hive locations with associated airborne gamma-ray survey data. The honeys all contained radiocesium, with activity concentrations ranging from 43-680 Bq kg(-1) 137Cs, and 134Cs/137Cs ratios consistent with Chernobyl deposition. Activity ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199910000-00011
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental releases of tritium oxide at a number of Department of Energy nuclear weapons facilities contribute to a significant portion of environmental dose. Several conversion factors are utilized in the estimation of human impact from these releases, e.g., dispersion coefficients, consumption rates, uptake facto...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199909000-00007
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil permeability to air can increase substantially with measurement length scale. We tested the hypothesis that the scale effect could resolve large model underpredictions of radon and soil-gas entry into two experimental basement structures located in natural sandy-loam soil at a field site in Ben Lomond, CA. Previo...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199908000-00008
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199907000-00008
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::If a large radioactive cloud is produced, sampling may require that an airplane traverse the cloud. A method to predict the absorbed dose to the aircrew from penetrating the radioactive cloud is needed. Dose rates throughout spherically symmetric Gaussian clouds of various sizes, and the absorbed doses from traversing...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199906000-00007
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Available medical records of plutonium injectees exposed in experimental studies of plutonium biokinetics under Manhattan Engineer District auspices have been reviewed for subsequent medical findings potentially related to the plutonium exposures. Five subjects who had been injected with approximately 11 kBq 239Pu, an...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199905000-00003
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The performance characteristics of sliced lung sets were compared to lung sets with activity homogeneously distributed throughout the lung tissue substitute material. The activity estimate from planar sources differs from the estimate from homogeneous sources by a factor of 0.88 to 1.09 depending on the photon energy....
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199905000-00013
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spreadsheet macro programs for calculations of exact hazard and probability of having contracted cancer were used to study the implications of the lung cancer model of Moolgavkar et al. Excess lifetime risk ELR and loss of life expectancy LLE were calculated from the annual values of hazard and probability, using publ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199904000-00007
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weathering of fuel particles and the subsequent leaching of radionuclides causes 90Sr mobility in Chernobyl soils to increase with time after deposition. Studies of 90Sr speciation in soils collected in 1995 and 1996 from the Chernobyl 30-km exclusion zone have been used to calculate rates of fuel particles dissolutio...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199903000-00006
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neyman-Pearson principles are briefly discussed and 95% confidence intervals of the form [0, ##.##] are presented. Use is made of the fact that the probability of the difference of two random variables, each with a Poisson distribution, can be expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions of integral order and eleme...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199902000-00011
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An evaluation was performed to determine the distribution of radiation dose received by vascular/interventional radiologists, hence forth called radiologists, to their hands and arms during interventional radiology procedures. During 87 patient procedures, measurements were made using thermoluminescent dosimeters to d...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199902001-00011
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Design and associated good practices are described for a modular glovebox connector to improve control of radioactive and chemically toxic materials. The connector consists of an anodized aluminum circular port with a mating spacer, gaskets, and retaining rings for joining two parallel ends of commercially available o...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199901000-00011
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was carried out to assess the possible radiological hazard resulting from the use of zircon in glaze applied to tiles used in buildings. The 226Ra content of various stains and glazing compounds was measured using gamma spectroscopy and the 222Rn exhalation rates for these materials were measured using adso...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199812000-00007
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homeowners and researchers frequently estimate the radon concentrations in various areas of the home from a single radon measurement often performed in the home's basement. This study describes the spatial variation of radon concentrations both between floors and between rooms on the same floor. The geometric mean bas...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199811000-00007
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last 50 years several radiation accidents occurred in which industrial radiographers and others suffered severe radiation injuries from inadvertent contact with radiation sources. Such accidents involving acute localized injuries are characterized by a severe initial reaction progressing through erythema to ski...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-199810000-00003
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An addition has been made to an existing software program for calculating shielding thicknesses of barriers for megavoltage radiation therapy beams. This addition calculates the shielding thicknesses required for the roof of a single-story building when adjacent, multi-level buildings are occupied. ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199810000-00013
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike detached or semi-detached houses, the main source of indoor radon in high-rise buildings is the building material. Radon released from the building material will be removed by ventilation, either forced or natural, so that its concentration, its progeny's concentration, and the equilibrium between the two will ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199809000-00010
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conversion factors for the dose rate 1 m above the ground level from the measured activities for different gamma-ray emitters in soil are calculated using the Monte Carlo method. The calculations are based on the GEANT system developed at CERN, Geneva. Results for the uniform and surface distribution of the emitters i...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199808000-00007
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is still substantial confusion in the radiation effects community about the inherent limitations of ecologic analysis. As a result, inordinate attention has been given to the discrepant results of Cohen, in which a negative estimate is observed for the regression of county mortality rates for lung cancer on esti...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199807000-00001
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The estimated values of time-integrated dose equivalent are different if one assumes continuous intake, such as is the case for longer-term environmental exposures, instead of instantaneous intake, which is the assumption made for most standardized computational procedures. This paper presents the solutions of the fir...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199807000-00013
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk assessment of exposure to sources of radiation is an important tool for national governments in regulating radionuclide emissions and thus reducing radiation doses for the general public. For this reason radiation doses from sources throughout The Netherlands have been analyzed. For sources with well-defined loca...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199806000-00005
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Storage of radon-producing material in two silos and two waste pits is one of the major environmental and occupational issues at a former uranium production facility, now a Superfund site. In addition, up to 100 metric tons of thorium is stored on the northeast side of the site. Concentrations of radium up to 17,600 B...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199805000-00004
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Time-dependent chemical compositions for 13N and 15O induced in the air atmosphere of a high energy electron accelerator room have been studied using a computer simulation method. A radiation chemistry model was developed to describe the chemical reactions of 13N and 15O species with the air molecules and their radiol...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199804000-00007
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of 219 subjects of Slovak adults from both sexes were studied for potassium body content by measuring the whole body activity of naturally occurring 40K using a whole body counter. The average body potassium value is 1.68 +/- 0.33 g kg(-1) body weight for males and 1.60 +/- 0.30 g kg(-1) for females. For both ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199803000-00007
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A Monte Carlo based method for the conversion of an in-situ gamma-ray spectrum obtained with a portable Ge detector to photon flux energy distribution is proposed. The spectrum is first stripped of the partial absorption and cosmic-ray events leaving only the events corresponding to the full absorption of a gamma ray....
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199802000-00007
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have simulated the head geometry of a Varian Clinac 2100C/2300C medical accelerator in a Monte Carlo calculation to produce photoneutrons and transport them through the head shielding into a typical therapy room (modeled by a test cell at Varian Associates). The fast neutron leakage fluence and energy spectra have ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199801000-00005
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes an analytically based method for modeling the time-dependent radionuclide areal densities of contaminated soil surface layers when the soil experiences simultaneous leaching, surface erosion and chain radioactive decay. The model is used to predict time-dependent radionuclide areal densities in a ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199712000-00006
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00